This curricular pathway provides a progression of courses offered at South Texas College of Law Houston that are relevant to commercial law.
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Commercial Law Pathway
Core courses | |
Recommended courses | |
Bar | Relevant bar examination topic |
Stage 1
Contracts I
BarView detailsRelevant bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit.
A study of the basic principles of contract formation and enforceability, including offer and acceptance, mutual assent, consideration, promissory estoppel, and the statute of frauds. The course also considers invalidating causes, such as incapacity, misrepresentation and fraud, duress, mistake, unconscionability, and illegality, and provides an introduction to remedies for breach of contract. The common law of contracts and the relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, including warranties and their disclaimer, are considered.
Contracts II
BarView detailsRelevant bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit.
Prerequisites: Contracts I.
A continuation of the study of contracts, including remedies for breach of contract, interpretation of contract language, the parol evidence rule, performance and breach of contract, express and constructive conditions, excuse and discharge, impracticability and frustration of purpose, third party beneficiary contracts, and assignment and delegation. The common law of contracts and the relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code are considered.
Federal Income Taxation
View detailsCrossover bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit. Normally offered three times each academic year.
This is an introductory course in the fundamentals of federal income taxation designed to prepare students, as lawyers, to recognize and appreciate the impact of income tax consequences on transactions and events they encounter in the general practice of law, including family law, dispute settlement, real estate, investments of various types and small business counseling. Areas of coverage include the definition and characterization of income, exclusions from income, deductions, and the determination of gain or loss from property transactions. With an emphasis placed on the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury regulations, students are introduced to essential legal skills of learning to read and understand the language of statutes and regulations as well as judicial interpretations and administrative pronouncements.
Agency & Partnership
BarView detailsRelevant bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit. Normally offered twice each academic year.
A study of the legal doctrines governing the formation, operation, and termination of agency relationships, partnerships, limited liability partnerships, limited partnerships, and limited liability companies, including the rights, duties, and obligations of owners and managers.
Corporations
BarView detailsRelevant bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit. Normally offered three times each academic year.
A study of the legal doctrines governing the formation, operation, and termination of corporations, including the rights, duties, and obligations of shareholders, directors, and officers.
Payment Systems
BarView detailsRelevant bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit. Normally offered three times each academic year.
The course focuses on the advantages and risks associated with various methods of payment in commercial and consumer transactions. It surveys many of the state and federal statutes that impact common forms of payment (including checks, promissory notes, letters of credit, credit cards, debit cards, and other electronic fund transfers), with emphasis on Articles 3, 4, 4A, and 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code; the Federal Trade Commission Holder-In-Due-Course Regulations; the Truth in Lending Act and related Regulation Z; the Electronic Fund Transfers Act and related Regulation E; the Expedited Funds Availability Act and related Regulations J and CC; and the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits.
Secured Transactions
BarView detailsRelevant bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit. Normally offered three times each academic year.
The course deals with the law governing credit transactions secured by personal property collateral. It focuses on Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, with particular emphasis on creating a security interest, protecting it against competing claims, and resolving priority disputes. The course devotes some attention to the creditor’s rights and remedies upon the debtor’s default, and it examines the effect of various provisions of the Bankruptcy Code on those rights and remedies when the debtor files for bankruptcy protection. The course also may examine the effect on secured transactions of Articles 2, 2A, and 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code; the Consumer Credit Protection Act; the Food Security Act; the law of fraudulent transfers; and the Federal Tax Lien Act.
Stage 2
Consider earlier courses plus one or more from below
Contract Building Blocks
View detailsTwo semester hours credit. Normally offered three times each academic year. Enrollment limited to 24 students.
This course provides students an opportunity to develop, practice drafting, comment on, and redline the substantive portions of an agreement. The primary goal of the class is to teach students how to translate the terms of a business deal into contract concepts, and draft the contract to close the transaction. Specifically, students will learn how and when to use the basic contract building blocks: covenants, conditions, representations, warranties, rights, discretionary authority, and declarations. The basic parts of a contract will be analyzed in detail and students will learn how to (1) avoid legalese, (2) obtain clarity through document formatting and sentence structure, (3) prevent ambiguity, (4) understand the appropriate use of vague terms, and (5) use various other drafting considerations. Learning how the transactional attorney adds value to the deal by helping the client attain the client’s business goals while avoiding unacceptable risks will be covered as well as several typical ethics issues that arise in transactional work.
Contract Negotiations & Drafting
View detailsTwo semester hours credit. Normally offered twice each academic year. Enrollment limited to 24 students.
This course is designed to provide students with the skills necessary to: (1) identify issues that should be negotiated in complex business contracts; (2) draft several key provisions to be included in the final contract as negotiated; and (3) negotiate a “real” business contract. A variety of assignments help to assure each student completes a variety of tasks that need to be integrated based on an appropriate level of legal issue analysis resulting in an effective and usable work product. Skill development also includes an appreciation of business and legal risks that need to be dealt with when negotiating and drafting.
Business Bankruptcy
View detailsCrossover bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit. Normally offered once each academic year.
Prerequisites: None but prior or concurrent enrollment in Secured Transactions and Corporations is helpful.
This course is designed not only for those interested in bankruptcy practice, but also for those who anticipate that their practice will involve structuring commercial transactions or litigating business disputes. It examines both legal and financial aspects of business bankruptcy, focusing especially on the process of Chapter 11 business reorganizations. It will consider issues like the causes and prediction of business failures; the decision to seek protection under the bankruptcy laws or to use alternative methods for resolving financial problems; the permissible purposes for which Chapter 11 reorganizations may be used; the operation of the business during the reorganization proceeding; the negotiation and confirmation of a plan of reorganization; the rights of creditors and shareholders in the reorganization; the powers of the debtor-in-possession; valuation of the business; and related tax and financial issues. Students may take both this course and the Consumer Bankruptcy and Debt Collection course; there is very little overlap.
Consumer Bankruptcy & Debt Collection
View detailsCrossover bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit. Offered periodically.
Prerequisites: None but prior or concurrent enrollment in Secured Transactions is helpful.
This course focuses on the legal and policy issues raised in debt collection and in personal bankruptcies. It first considers the state law procedures for collecting a money judgment, including garnishment, execution, sequestration, judgment liens, turnover orders, judicial sales, and discovery in aid of collection. It then examines and compares the law and policy of both Chapter 7 liquidation bankruptcies for individuals and Chapter 13 individual reorganization bankruptcies, including eligibility, exemptions, discharge of debt, avoidance powers of trustees, the rights of various classes of creditors, jurisdiction, and procedure. It is intended not only for those who expect to engage in a bankruptcy law practice, but also for those who intend to have a general litigation, family and marital law, estate planning, debt collection, or business practice. Students may take both this course and Business Bankruptcy, as the overlap is minimal.
International Business Transactions
View detailsThree semester hours credit. Offered periodically.
A survey of the issues encountered by firms and individuals engaged in international trade, the exploitation of intellectual property rights and various forms of foreign direct investment. Topics covered include an introduction to international trade law (including the formation of U.S. trade policy), international sale of goods (including transportation and financing issues), distribution of goods, the protection and licensing of intellectual property rights, franchising agreements, investment rights (under customary international law, treaties and free trade agreements), investment regulation, investment arbitration, joint venture agreements, industrial works contracts, international corruption and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
Consumer Transactions
BarView detailsRelevant bar examination topic.
Three semester hours credit. Normally offered three times each academic year.
Survey of statutory consumer protection and remedies afforded by both state and federal laws, including the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act, the Texas Insurance Code, and federal and Texas regulation of debt collection practices. Residential home construction also is covered.
Antitrust Law
View detailsThree semester hours credit. Offered periodically.
A study of laws governing competition in business. The class will address monopolies and potentially anti-competitive mergers as well as price-fixing, boycotts, resale price maintenance agreements, predatory pricing, tying arrangements, and similarly suspect practices.
Judicial Process Clinic I/Academic Internship
View detailsTwo semester hours credit.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of not less than 30, nor more than 44, credit hours and a 2.8 grade point average.
Students arrange their own placements with local, federal, and state judges on both the trial and appellate level, including probate, bankruptcy, and immigration courts. During the Judicial Process Clinic, students observe how the law works in practice, what lawyers do and what judges expect. All students will apply lawyering skills and improve their legal research and writing abilities while preparing legal memoranda, as required by the supervising judge.
Judicial Process Clinic II/Academic Internship
View detailsTwo or three semester hours credit.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of all courses required for graduation (with the exception of the substantial writing requirement) and not less than 45 credit hours and a 2.8 grade point average. Completion of or concurrent enrollment in Texas Pretrial Procedure is recommended.
Students arrange their own placements with local federal and state judges on both the trial and appellate level, including probate, bankruptcy and immigration courts. During these clinics, students observe how the law works in practice, what lawyers do and what judges expect. All students will apply their analytical skills and improve their legal research and writing abilities through the production of legal memoranda.
Government Process Clinic/Academic Internship
View detailsThree or four semester hours credit.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of all courses required for graduation (with the exception of the substantial writing requirement) and not less than 45 credit hours and a 2.8 grade point average. Completion of or concurrent enrollment in Texas Pretrial Procedure is recommended.
Students arrange their own placements with local governmental agencies. Potential placements include the Texas Attorney General’s Office, the legal department of the City of South Texas College of Law, the Harris County Attorney’s Office, the EEOC, the IRS, the Office of Homeland Security, and many others. These placements provide access to the South Texas College of Law legal community and give law students the opportunity to expand their professional skills and identify challenging and fulfilling work possibilities.
Stage 3
Consider earlier courses plus one or more from below
Transaction Skills–Corporate
View detailsThree semester hours credit. See Handbook for additional information, including prerequisites.
Students will study the acquisition of a target company by its management through a leveraged buyout. Both the structure of the acquisition as a merger and the structure of the financing, including loans secured by the target’s assets, and investment by venture capital, will be reviewed, as well as other possible structures and financing techniques. Students will draft a merger agreement, a loan agreement, a security agreement, a guaranty, a stockholders’ agreement, an attorney’s opinion letter, and various other documents. Professional responsibility issues will be included.
Transaction Skills–Energy
View detailsThree semester hours credit. See Handbook for additional information, including prerequisites.
The problem model will involve a typical transaction in the oil and gas industry. The initial problem will be the “monetization” of an offshore floating oil and gas platform in the Gulf of Mexico. The company owning the platform plans to use its value to borrow money to fund drilling wells in an established reservoir. Students will learn generally about the offshore oil and gas industry, especially producing hydrocarbons from underwater fields and moving them onshore. The platform will be conveyed to a subsidiary which will use it as collateral for a loan from foreign investors. The original owner will pay the subsidiary a monthly fee to use the platform for production. Documents will include the conveyance of the platform to the subsidiary, the use agreement, the loan agreement, a pledge (security) agreement, and a legal opinion letter to the lender.
Transaction Skills–International Business Transactions
View detailsThree semester hours credit. See Handbook for additional information, including prerequisites.
This course focuses on the development of client communication, problem-solving and contract drafting skills. Students learn about the intellectual property and investment laws of two foreign countries. The main body of the course is built around a multi-party transactional problem which requires the students to draft for a U.S. client a foreign joint venture agreement, a license agreement dealing with patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets, and an international distribution of goods agreement. The students also learn by drafting about the basic documents needed for financing such transactions and about other major contract issues that arise in most, if not all of these transactions—dispute settlement, ethical concerns, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, gray market goods issues and export controls.
Transaction Skills–Real Estate
View detailsThree semester hours credit. See Handbook for additional information, including prerequisites.
Students will learn about helping three individuals who want to invest together in commercial real estate. Determining who is the client and drafting an engagement letter will be followed by study of choice-of-entity issues. A limited partnership agreement will be reviewed, and students will draft an earnest money contract for purchase of the real estate. Additionally, students will draft a promissory note, a deed of trust, a guaranty, a security agreement, an attorney’s opinion letter, and various other documents. Environmental issues and real estate title commitments and surveys will be examined. Professional responsibility issues will be included.
Corporate Finance Law
View detailsThree semester hours credit. Offered periodically.
Prerequisite: Corporations.
Legal aspects of financing business enterprises including the legal problems of the public issue of securities, private debt, revolving lines of credit and venture capital. Asset and stock acquisitions will be considered, along with corporate merger and reorganizations.
Securities Regulation
View detailsThree semester hours credit. Normally offered once each academic year.
Prerequisites: Corporations
An introduction to federal regulation of the issuance of and trading in securities, focusing primarily on the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Alternative Dispute Resolution
View detailsTwo semester hours credit. Offered periodically.
This course provides a comprehensive survey of the various processes known as Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). These include negotiation, mediation, evaluative processes such as neutral case evaluation and summary jury trials, and arbitration. The primary focus is the theory and law of ADR as the procedures relate to the court system and law practice, and, in particular, the lawyer’s role. Classwork also includes a number of simulations providing students opportunities to become familiar with the skills essential to competent practice in these procedures.
Arbitration
View detailsTwo semester hours credit. Normally offered once each academic year.
This course concentrates on the law and procedure of arbitration. Issues include arbitrability, separability, arbitral jurisdiction, non-signatory arbitral jurisdiction, compelling arbitration, FAA preemption, drafting, and analysis of arbitration agreements. Additional considerations of court review, confirmation, and vacatur of arbitral awards are also addressed. Students will be introduced to arbitration advocacy, practice skills, and procedure. The course will also provide a survey of specialized arbitration topics, including commercial, international, labor, employment, securities, and consumer arbitrations.
International Commercial Arbitration
View detailsThree semester hours credit. Offered periodically.
The course provides an introduction to the major aspects of international commercial arbitration and covers the following topics: why arbitration is the most chosen form of dispute resolution in international commercial transactions; an introduction to institutional and ad hoc forms of international arbitration; the requirements for and the drafting of a valid arbitration agreement; the applicable laws and rules governing international arbitration; the roles played by courts in assisting international arbitration; the role of the arbitral panel; the arbitral process; the arbitration award and its enforcement; an introduction to the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards and to the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration and the roles each plays in the arbitral system; and the specialized use of international arbitration (in international investment treaties).
Corporate & White Collar Crime
View detailsThree semester hours credit. Offered periodically.
An examination of the issues and major federal statutes commonly associated with corporate and white collar prosecutions, including such topics as mail fraud, conspiracy, money laundering, RICO, criminal liability of corporations and corporate executives, and the jurisprudence of white collar crime. Some attention will be given to major parallel state provisions.
Law & Economics Seminar
View detailsTwo semester hours credit. Offered periodically.
Prerequisites: 45 semester hours plus completion or concurrent enrollment in all required courses (with the exception of the substantial writing credit).
This course will explore the opportunities and limits of economic analysis of legal issues in areas of law including, but not limited to, contracts, torts, property, public policy, securities, attorney’s fees, welfare and zoning. Basic economics and its application to law will be covered. The course is for non-economists.